Zamość
Northern europes best renaissance gem
Zamość is a unique example of a Renaissance town in Central Europe, consistently designed and built in accordance with the Italian theories of the "ideal town," on the basis of a plan which was the result of perfect cooperation between the open-minded founder, Jan Zamoyski, and the outstanding architect, Bernardo Morando. Zamość is an outstanding example of an innovative approach to town planning, combining the functions of an urban ensemble, a residence, and a fortress in accordance with a consistently implemented Renaissance concept. The result of this is a stylistically homogeneous urban composition with a high level of architectural and landscape values. A real asset of this great construction was its creative enhancement with local artistic architectural achievements. Therefore the historical centre of Zamość was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1992.
cathedral
The cathedral was founded by the town founder, Jan Zamoyski, and author of the project is the Italian architect Bernardo Morando. Initially it was a collegiate church, Zamosc subject to the episcopate chełmskiemu until 1992. When the Diocese of Zamosc-Lubaczowska was established, it was raised rank to the cathedral. After the death of its architect in the early seventeenth century, the internal decor of this church was completed. The consecration of the church was made in the year 1637. A significant reconstruction was carried out only during the partitions, in the years 1824-1826, under the command of General. J. Mallet-Malletski, who led the expansion and modernization of Zamosc fortress. During this period, the cathedral has been reduced, changed, among others, elevation, which present appearance is more classicist, disappeared inscriptions and coats of arms Zamoyski, also liquidated some elements inside the church. In the second half of the nineteenth century and the first half of the twentieth century were carried out further changes and renovations, is also associated with numerous injuries.
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Franciscan Church
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The construction of one of the largest 17th-century Polish churches,[ has started with arriving in the city of the Franciscan friars in 1637, and was founded by Jan "Sobiepan" Zamoyski. It was erected in Baroque style on the site of the former Bourse, an association of merchants. The construction work began under Jan Jaroszewicz and Jan Wolff between 1637–1665, and was completed by the artillery major Jan Michał Link (Linek) of Prawdzic coat of arms between 1680-1685.
The structure, taller and larger than the other churches in the city, consisted of three aisles, a semicircular chancel and two side chapels. The interior of the church was decorated with a profuse polychromy and sculptures. The greatest changes occurred during the Partitions of Poland in 1784, after the takeover of the city by the Austrian, when the order was suppressed. During the period of modernization in the Zamość Fortress under Russian rule, the church building was turned into a military store. The interior was divided into tier. The most significant changes in the building's outer appearance occurred in 1887, when the roof was lowered, the high peaks were pulled down and the vaulting inside the church was changed into a simple slab. Then the church building was used by numerous institutions, including County Council, museum or cinema, which was located here until 1994. After World War II the Fine Arts High School occupied the western part of the building. In 1993, the structure was returned to the Franciscan friars, who started its reconstruction. |
Palace
It was the first building, which were built after the founding of the city. The first construction took place from 1579 - 1586 and the project completed palace Bernardo Morando. At that time the palace had separate walls separating it from the rest of the city, had a form of a rectangle with a length of approx. 60 m, two-storey tower with a terrace and a double staircase from the Great Market Square. In 1658 the palace was burnt and rebuild after 1660 in the style of the Baroque.
In the years 1747-1751 was higher late Baroque rebuilding the palace made at the behest of Thomas Anthony Zamoyski. They moved her Jan Andrzej Bem and Jerzy de Kawe. While there, among others, the tower was lowered, removed palace attic and stripped of decoration. The palace was connected to the rear annexes, and from the front were built on the sides of two long outbuildings, situated perpendicular to the main part, small bunk completed buildings between which chartered the walls of the tall gate with iron bars, thereby creating a stately palace courtyard. The main building was crowned the high baroque mansard roof. After 1803 it was changed in to a neoclassical palace. In 1821 the palace was sold to the state authorities and the 1831 years it was converted into a military hospital for what eventually lost its historic appearance, like many other buildings in the modernization of Zamosc fortress. Since 1908 the city and regional court has it home here. |
town hall
The construction of the first forms of the Town Hall began in 1591. At the beginning of the seventeenth century (aprox 1605.) the tower, which threatened to collapse, was strengthened further by solid buttresses.
Major changes developed by Jan Jaroszewicz and John Wolff, made during the reconstruction in the mid-seventeenth century ( 1639-1651) - was then enlarged and elevated (third floor was added) with decorated attics, small towers at the corners and various ornaments in the Mannerist style. Its décor complemented by gentle pilasters, and empty niches between windows of both floors and attics, also typical of Mannerism, with an arcade in the form of shells (outside niches at the second floor). The tower was also increased. The town Hall served the function of not only official, but also commercial originally. In the second half of the eighteenth century further changes in the town hall were carried out. Built was the present fand double staircase (1767-1770), leading to the main entrance of the Baroque portal on the first floor (from the seventeenth century, transferred from the ground floor). Its tower was enriched by a greater Helm's roof and clock, added new attics and corners also got small helmets. |